Ingabe insimbi ye-aluminium iyagqwala ngempela?

Iyagqwala i-aluminium? Impendulo ithi yebo, i-aluminium izogqwala, kodwa ukugqwala kwe-aluminium akuyona ukugqwala ngempela. I-aluminium ngeke igle ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Ungqimba lwefilimu ye-aluminium oxide luzokwakheka phezu kwe-aluminium. Le filimu ye-oxide iminyene futhi iyavikela, okungavimbela i-aluminium yangaphakathi ukuthi ingaqhubeki nokusabela nge-oxygen, ngakho i-aluminium ngeke “ukugqwala” njengensimbi. Nokho, uma ifilimu ye-oxide ilimele, njengokugqwala kwesihlabathi noma ukugqwala okuqinile, i-aluminium izophinde i-oxidize, ekhombisa ukuba mnyama, ukuqhekeka, njll.

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-aluminium akulula ukugqwala, kodwa empeleni i-aluminium ijwayele ukugqwala kunensimbi! Nokho, ukugqwala kwe-aluminium, ngokungafani nokugqwala kwensimbi, alimbozwa ukugqwala, futhi ingaphezulu lisabukeka njengensimbi ecwebezelayo emhlophe.

Kuyini ukugqwala kwe-aluminium?

Insimbi iyagqwala lapho ifakwa umoya-mpilo emoyeni. I-Aluminium ihlangana namakhemikhali nomoya-mpilo yakhe i-aluminium oxide, okuyi-aluminium rust. Ukugqwala kwe-aluminium mncane kakhulu, ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yezinkulungwane eziyishumi zemilimitha ukujiya, kodwa inzima kakhulu futhi ayigugi kakhulu. Inamathela phezu kwe-aluminium, ukuvimbela i-aluminium ngaphakathi ukuthi ingaxhumani nomoya wangaphandle, kanye nokuvimbela i-aluminium ukuthi ingaqhubeki nokugqwala.

Ingabe i-aluminium igqwala kalula? Ukugqwala, njengoba kwaziwa kakhulu, isho inqubo lapho insimbi isabela khona nomoya-mpilo kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni oswakeme ukukhiqiza ukugqwala (ikakhulukazi i-iron oxide). Le nqubo ibangela ukuba umthamo wensimbi ukhule, ngaleyo ndlela ecekela phansi ukwakheka nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo yensimbi.
Nokho, i-aluminium nensimbi kuhlukene ngamakhemikhali. Ingabe i-aluminium izogqwala uma iba manzi? When the surface of aluminum comes into contact with the air, it will quickly react with the oxygen in the air to produce a dense aluminum oxide film. This reaction process is often considered to be “aluminum rusting”. But in fact, this film on the surface of aluminum is very hard and corrosion-resistant, and can tightly cover the surface of aluminum, preventing aluminum from further reacting with oxygen or water. Ngakho-ke, the actual fact is that this self-protection mechanism of aluminum makes it not as easy to rust as iron.

What is the principle of aluminum rusting?

Aluminum is an active metal that reacts with oxygen in the air at room temperature. This reaction is called an oxidation reaction, and the result is a dense aluminum oxide film on the surface of aluminum. This aluminum oxide film is very hard and corrosion-resistant. It adheres tightly to the surface of aluminum, effectively preventing aluminum from further contact with oxygen or other corrosive substances, thereby protecting the internal aluminum from further oxidation. Although the aluminum oxide film has a good protective effect on aluminum, under certain special conditions, such as scratches or damage on the aluminum surface, exposing the internal aluminum, or aluminum is in a harsh environment such as high humidity and high temperature for a long time, it may cause further oxidation of aluminum, which is what we usually call “aluminum rust”. The principle of aluminum rust is that aluminum reacts with oxygen in the air to form a dense aluminum oxide film. Le filimu inomphumela omuhle wokuvikela ku-aluminium futhi ingavimbela i-aluminium ekuqhubekeleni phambili ne-oxidation. Nokho, under certain special conditions, i-aluminiyamu ingase iqhubeke nokusabela kwe-oxidation.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-aluminium igqwale?

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi i-aluminium igqwale? I-Aluminium ingagqwala, kodwa inqubo yawo yokugqwala ihamba kancane. Isikhathi sokugqwala kwe-aluminium sithintwa izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa izici zemvelo, ukucutshungulwa kwezinto kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-aluminium igqwala kancane, kodwa i-aluminium eye yachayeka ezindaweni ezinokhahlo isikhathi eside noma engazange iphathwe kahle isethubeni lokugqwala.. Ngokujwayelekile, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, i-aluminium engazange iphathwe ngokukhethekile ingase ithathe amashumi eminyaka noma ngisho namakhulu eminyaka ukukhombisa ukugqwala okusobala.

Ingabe i-aluminium alloy igqwala kalula?

Ingabe i-aluminium igqwala kalula? Endaweni yemvelo, ifilimu eminyene ye-aluminium oxide yakheka ngokushesha ebusweni be-aluminium. Le filimu iqinile futhi imelana nokugqwala, futhi ingavimbela ngempumelelo i-aluminium ukuthi ingaqhubeki nokusabela nge-oxygen namanzi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele i-aluminium ukuthi ingagqwali. Ngakho-ke, i-aluminium inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ezimweni eziningi, i-aluminium ayigqwali kalula njengensimbi. Ngisho noma i-aluminium ibekwe endaweni enomswakama isikhathi eside, inqobo nje uma ifilimu ye-aluminium oxide ebusweni bayo ihlala injalo, i-aluminium ngeke igle.

I-aluminium izohlala isikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle?

I-aluminium ingasetshenziswa isikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle? Impilo yesevisi ye-aluminium ngaphandle ithintwa izici eziningi, njengezimo zemvelo, ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuklama nokukhiqiza, futhi impilo yesevisi evamile ngokuvamile iphakathi 10 futhi 20 iminyaka, kodwa leli banga lesikhathi lingahluka kuye ngesimo esithile.

Izinto ezithinta isikhathi sokugqwala kwe-aluminium

Umswakama kanye nezinga lokushisa: I-Aluminium cishe isabela ngomoya komoyampilo kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi endaweni enomswakama, ngaleyo ndlela kusheshisa inqubo yokugqwala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo yokushisa ephezulu izophinde ikhuthaze ukusabela kwe-oxidation.
Ikhwalithi yomoya: Imvula ene-asidi nezinto ezingcolisa amakhemikhali ezisemoyeni zingagqwalisa ifilimu ye-aluminium oxide, ukunciphisa umphumela wawo wokuvikela, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kusheshiswe ukugqwala kwe-aluminium.

Ukwelashwa kwendawo: Izinto ze-aluminium eziye zenziwa ukwelashwa okungaphezulu okufana ne-anodizing, i-electrophoresis, ukufutha, futhi i-electroplating inefilimu ye-oxide ewugqinsi futhi engagqwali endaweni yawo, okunganweba kakhulu impilo yesevisi ye-aluminium.

Ukuklwebheka nokulimala: Ukuklwebheka nokulimala ebusweni be-aluminium kuzobhubhisa ifilimu ye-aluminium oxide, okwenza i-aluminium ithinteke kalula ekugqwaleni nokugqwala.

Xhumana ne-electrolyte: I-Aluminium, njengento conductive, uthambekele ekuphenduleni kwe-electrochemical lapho uthintana nama-electrolyte, ngaleyo ndlela kugqugquzelwa inqubo yokugqwala.

Izimo zokugcina: Izinto ze-aluminium ezivezwa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo isikhathi eside, njengezindawo ezisogwini noma izindawo ezinemvula, izogqwala ngokushesha.